AFP Photo/Mohammed Abed
bOLLy ENn - Kumpulan
pemberontak Syria, termasuk pejuang ISIS, telah merekrut kanak-kanak berusia 10
ke 17 tahun untuk operasi ketenteraan kadang2 berselindung di sebalik
yang menawarkan pendidikan, kata HRW (Hak Asasi Manusia). Para remaja telah
diajar bagaimana untuk menggunakan senjata dan telah pun dihantar ke misi maut.
"Pembangkang
kumpulan bersenjata yang digunakan kanak-kanak lelaki semuda 15 sebagai pejuang
dan kanak-kanak semuda 14 dalam peranan sokongan. Sesetengah kanak-kanak yg
mengambil bahagian telah ditahan atau terbunuh, "menurut laporan terkini
yang dikeluarkan oleh Human Rights Watch (HRW).
Laporan
itu, "'Mungkin Kami Hidup dan Mungkin juga Kita Mati': Pengambilan dan
Penggunaan Kanak-Kanak Kumpulan bersenjata di Syria," tawaran dgn
pengalaman 25 kanak-kanak lelaki yang merupakan anggota atau bekas kumpulan
bersenjata pembangkang.
'Allah
chose you': ISIS & Other Jihadist GROUPs Recruit CHILDREN in SYRIA for
Suicide MISSIONS . . .
Syrian
rebel groups, including ISIS fighters, have been recruiting 10-17-year-old
children for military operations sometimes under the guise of offering
education, says HRW. The teens were taught how to use weapons and were even
sent on suicide missions.
“Opposition
armed groups used boys as young as 15 as fighters and children as young as 14
in support roles. Some children who participated were detained or killed in
battle,” says the latest report released by Human Rights Watch (HRW).
The
report, “‘Maybe We Live and Maybe We Die’: Recruitment and Use of Children by
Armed Groups in Syria,” deals with experiences of 25 boys who are current or
former members of opposition armed groups.
Reuters/Jalal Al-Mamo
Walaupun
pemberontak kebanyakannya "bekerja" anak-anak 15 ke 17, seorang
doktor yang dinyatakan merawat seorang kanak-kanak lelaki di antara 10 dan 12
tahun. Beliau berkata kerja-kanak itu adalah "untuk cambuk tahanan yang
diadakan di sebuah pusat tahanan ISIS."
ISRAEL Menyerang
9 SASARAN Tentera di SYRIA (Israel strikes 9 military targets in Syria)
"Kanak-kanak
lelaki ditemuramah berjuang di barisan hadapan parti, intipan tentera
bermusuhan, bertindak sebagai penembak tepat, dirawat yang tercedera di medan
perang, dan diangkut peluru dan bekalan lain untuk pertempuran manakala
pertempuran menular," kata laporan HRW itu.
Jumlah
kanak-kanak berjuang bagi pihak pemberontak adalah seperti belum diketahui,
kata laporan itu. Tetapi ia memberi data dari Pelanggaran Pendokumentasian
Center, kumpulan pemantauan Syria, yang oleh Mei 2014 mencatatkan 194
"bukan awam" kanak-kanak lelaki terbunuh sejak September 2011.
Though
the rebels mostly “employed” children of 15-17, one doctor described treating a
boy of between 10 and 12 years old. He said that the boy’s job was “to whip
prisoners held in an ISIS detention facility.”
“Boys
interviewed fought on the frontlines, spied on hostile forces, acted as
snipers, treated the wounded on battlefields, and ferried ammunition and other
supplies to battles while fighting raged,” HRW’s report says.
The
number of children fighting on behalf of the rebels is as yet unknown, the
report says. But it gives the data from the Violations Documenting Center, a
Syrian monitoring group, which by May 2014 recorded 194 “non-civilian” male
children killed since September 2011.
Menurut
badan pemantau hak asasi, kanak2 telah diambil oleh beberapa organisasi
pelampau. Antaranya ialah Free Syrian Army (FSA), pelampau Islam angkatan
seperti Jabhat al-Nusra dan Negara Islam Iraq dan al-Sham (ISIS), dan Yekîneyên
Parastina Gel (YPG) tentera dan Asayish pasukan polis di Kurdish-bahagian
dikawal di utara Syria.
UK,
Golongan Aussie panggilan untuk menyertai militan ISIS di Iraq, Syria
Kanak-kanak
lelaki mengatakan mereka telah menyertai pemberontak atas sebab-sebab yang
berbeza. Sebahagian daripada mereka diikuti saudara-mara atau rakan-rakan
mereka yang sudah berkhidmat di sana. Rekrut lain "tinggal di zon
pertempuran tanpa sekolah masih terbuka, mengambil bahagian dalam bantahan
awam, atau secara peribadi menderita di tangan kerajaan," kata HWR.
Para
komander kadang-kadang meminta kanak2 dan orang dewasa untuk mengambil
bahagian dalam misi berani mati, tambah kanak-kanak lelaki ini.
"Kadang-kadang
pejuang sukarela, dan kadang-kadang [komander] berkata, 'Allah telah memilih
kamu,'" kata Majed, 16, direkrut oleh Jabhat al-Nusra di Daraa, sebuah
bandar di barat daya Syria.
Amr,
satu lagi berusia 15 tahun yang berjuang dengan ISIS di utara Syria, berkata
pemimpin unit dia galakkan dia dan anak-anak yang lain secara sukarela untuk
serangan pengeboman bunuh diri. Katanya, beliau mendaftar dengan berat hati
tetapi mampu lari sebelum giliran datang.
"Mungkin
kita akan hidup, dan mungkin kita akan mati," kata Omar, yang mula
berjuang pada usia 14 dengan Jabhat al-Nusra.
Dalam
pada itu, ISIS kumpulan militan jihad merekrut remaja dengan lebih agresif,
"menyediakan kuliah percuma dan persekolahan yang termasuk senjata dan
latihan ketenteraan yang lain," kata HRW.
Bassim,
17, yg menyertai ISIS pada usia 16, memberitahu HRW bahawa dia telah
"diilhamkan" oleh ucapan-ucapan & khutbah yang diberikan oleh
ahli-ahli kumpulan.
"Apabila
ISIS datang ke bandar saya . . . saya suka apa yang mereka pakai, mereka
seperti kawanan. Mereka mempunyai banyak senjata. Jadi saya bercakap kepada
mereka, dan mengambil keputusan untuk pergi kem latihan mereka di Kafr Hamra di
Aleppo, "katanya," Pemimpin kem tersebut [ISIS] menyukai orang-orang
yang lebih muda lebih baik . . . Dia memberitahu saya, 'Esok mereka akan
menjadi pemimpin yang lebih kuat atau pejuang yang lebih kukuh."
According
to the rights watchdog, the children were taken by several extremist
organizations. Among them were the Free Syrian Army (FSA), extremist Islamist
forces such as the Jabhat al-Nusra and the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham
(ISIS), and Yekîneyên Parastina Gel (YPG) military and Asayish police forces in
Kurdish-controlled parts of northern Syria.
UK,
Aussie jihadists call to join ISIS militants in Iraq, Syria
The
boys say they have joined the rebels due to different reasons. Some of them
followed their relatives or friends who already served there. Other recruits
“lived in battle zones without open schools, participated in public protests,
or had personally suffered at the hands of the government,” HWR says.
The
commanders sometimes asked the children and adults to take part in suicide
missions, the boys added.
“Sometimes
fighters volunteered, and sometimes [commanders] said, ‘Allah chose you,’” said
Majed, 16, recruited by Jabhat al-Nusra in Daraa, a city in southwestern Syria.
Amr,
another 15-year-old who fought with ISIS in northern Syria, said that his unit
leaders encouraged him and other children to volunteer for suicide bombing
attacks. He said he signed up reluctantly but was able to get away before his
turn came up.
“Maybe
we’ll live, and maybe we’ll die,” said Omar, who started fighting at age 14
with Jabhat al-Nusra.
In
the meantime, the ISIS jihadist militant group recruited the teens more
aggressively, “providing free lectures and schooling that included weapons and
other military training,” HRW says.
Bassim,
17, who joined ISIS at age 16, told HRW that he was “inspired” by speeches and
sermons given by members of the group.
“When
ISIS came to my town . . . I liked what they are wearing, they were like one
herd. They had a lot of weapons. So I spoke to them, and decided to go their
training camp in Kafr Hamra in Aleppo,” he said, “The leader of the camp said
[ISIS] liked the younger ones better . . . He told me, ‘Tomorrow they’ll be a
stronger leader or a stronger fighter.”
AFP Photo/Daniel Leal-Olivas
Sesetengah
kanak-kanak menerima gaji bulanan sehingga $ 135 untuk penyertaan mereka dalam
konflik itu, manakala yang lain berkata mereka berjuang tanpa gaji.
"Kumpulan
bersenjata Syria tidak seharusnya mangsa kepada kanak-kanak lemah - yang telah
melihat saudara-mara mereka dibunuh, sekolah soka, dan masyarakat musnah -
dengan mendaftar mereka dalam tentera mereka," kata Priyanka Motaparthy,
hak kanak-kanak penyelidik Timur Tengah di Pemerhati Hak Asasi Manusia dan
penulis laporan itu. "Kengerian konflik bersenjata Syria hanya menjadi
lebih teruk dengan membuang anak ke dalam barisan hadapan."
Kanak-kanak
yang mahu berhenti 'perniagaan berbahaya' kpd HRW bahawa mereka mempunyai
beberapa pilihan selepas meninggalkan pemberontak.
"Saya
fikir meninggalkan [pertempuran] banyak," kata Saleh, 17, salah seorang
rekrut. "Saya kehilangan pengajian saya, saya kehilangan masa depan saya,
saya kehilangan segala-galanya. Saya mencari kerja, tetapi tidak ada kerja. Ini
adalah tempoh yang paling sukar bagi saya."
Some
children received monthly salaries of up to $135 for their participation in the
conflict, while others said they fought without pay.
“Syrian
armed groups shouldn’t prey on vulnerable children – who have seen their
relatives killed, schools shelled, and communities destroyed – by enlisting
them in their forces,” said Priyanka Motaparthy, Middle East children’s rights
researcher at Human Rights Watch and author of the report. “The horrors of
Syria’s armed conflict are only made worse by throwing children into the front
lines.”
Children
who wanted to quit ‘dangerous business’ told HRW that they had a few options
after leaving the rebels.
“I
thought of leaving [the fighting] a lot,” said Saleh, 17, one of the recruits.
“I lost my studies, I lost my future, I lost everything. I looked for work, but
there’s no work. This is the most difficult period for me.”
Sekolah percuma untuk askar
kanak-kanak & pengebom berani mati - #ISIS merekrut anak-anak di #Syria (Free
school for child soldiers & suicide bombers - #ISIS
recruiting kids in) #Syria http://bit.ly/1j3M0N0
Undang-undang
kemanusiaan antarabangsa melarang tentera kerajaan dan kumpulan bersenjata
bukan negeri dari mengambil & menggunakan kanak2 sebagai pejuang dan
dalam peranan sokongan yang lain. "Menggunakan" kanak-kanak di bawah
15 adalah satu jenayah perang di bawah Statut Rom Mahkamah Jenayah
Antarabangsa.
Kumpulan-kumpulan
pelampau menafikan merekrut kanak-kanak di bawah 18 tahun. Walau bagaimanapun,
komander-komander FSA berkata, mereka tidak berpaling anak-anak 16 ke 17
apabila mereka datang kepada mereka tidak sabar2 untuk berperang.
"16,
17 tidak muda. [Jika kita tidak mengambil dia] dia akan pergi berjuang sendiri,
"Abu Rida, pemimpin pasukan Saif Allah al-Maslool, kata sebuah kumpulan
FSA di Dara.
International
humanitarian law bans government forces and non-state armed groups from
recruiting and using children as fighters and in other support roles.
“Employing” children under 15 is a war crime under the Rome Statute of the
International Criminal Court.
The
extremist groups denied recruiting children under 18 years old. However, the
commanders of FSA said they don’t turn away children of 16-17 when they came to
them eager to fight.
“Sixteen,
17 is not young. [If we don’t take him] he’ll go fight on his own,” Abu Rida,
leader of the Saif Allah al-Maslool brigade, an FSA group in Daraa, said.
Reuters/Ahmed Saad
HRW
dalam laporannya mengutuk menyewa remaja untuk berjuang, mengatakan bahawa
kumpulan bersenjata yang beroperasi di Syria secara terbuka harus melakukan
untuk menamatkan pengambilan dan penggunaan kanak-kanak di bawah umur 18 tahun.
"Kerajaan-kerajaan
menyokong kumpulan2 bersenjata di Syria perlu menekan kuasa-kuasa ini
untuk menamatkan pengambilan kanak-kanak dan penggunaan kanak-kanak dalam
pertempuran," kata Motaparthy. "Sesiapa sahaja menyediakan dana untuk
menghantar anak-anak ke perang boleh bersubahat dalam jenayah perang."
Beberapa
kumpulan bersenjata memberitahu HRW bahawa mereka yang melarang pengambilan
kanak2, manakala yang lain mengatakan mereka masih menggunakan amalan ini.
Namun
Free Syrian Army komander Tentera memberitahu Human Rights Watch mereka terus
menerima kanak-kanak dalam barisan mereka: "Kami akan menerima mereka, apa
sahaja umur," kata seorang komander pasukan dari Jarablus.
Laporan
HRW, bagaimanapun, atas sebab2 logistik & keselamatan, tdk merangkumi
semua kumpulan yang telah dilaporkan menggunakan kanak-kanak untuk operasi
ketenteraan di Syria. Ia mengatakan bahawa beberapa sumber membuktikan bahawa
remaja juga berjuang dengan tentera kerajaan atau militia pro-kerajaan.
HRW
in its report strongly condemns hiring the teens for fighting, saying that
armed groups operating in Syria should publicly commit to end recruitment and
use of children under age 18.
“Governments
supporting armed groups in Syria need to press these forces to end child
recruitment and use of children in combat,” Motaparthy said. “Anyone providing
funding for sending children to war could be complicit in war crimes.”
Some
armed groups told HRW that they prohibit child recruitment, while others say
they still use this practice.
Yet
Free Syrian Army commanders told Human Rights Watch they continued to accept
children in their ranks: “We would accept them, whatever the age,” said a
brigade commander from Jarablus.
HRW’s
report, however, for logistical and security reasons, doesn’t cover all the
groups that have been reportedly using children for military operations in
Syria. It says that several sources proved that teens were also fighting with
government troops or pro-government militias.
Syria: Kumpulan Tentera
Hantar Kanak-kanak ke dalam Pertempuran (Syria:
Armed Groups Send Children into Battle) http://bit.ly/1roeINM
READ
MORE: http://on.rt.com/09w7tp
