Negara Islam Iraq dan
Levant (ISIL) militan mengambil bahagian dalam perarakan tentera di bandar
utara Mosul (Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) militants taking part
in a military parade in the northern city of Mosul (AFP Photo/HO/Youtube)
bOLLy ENn - Washington
telah mendapat "jaminan yang boleh diterima" dari pihak berkuasa Iraq
melindungi Angkatan Khas Amerika Syarikat dari undang2 tempatan.
Perjanjian itu datang sebagai tentera Amerika Syarikat ditetapkan untuk
memulakan memberi nasihat kepada tentera Iraq yang dilanda masalah sebagai
militan Sunni terus lonjakan mereka di seluruh negara.
SEMUA
yang Anda perlu tahu tentang ISIS dan apa yang berlaku di IRAQ All
you need to know about ISIS and what is happening in Iraq
Jabatan
Pertahanan masih belum menerima secara bertulis perjanjian imuniti untuk
tentera tetapi "Iraq telah menyediakan jaminan yang boleh diterima"
bagi 300 pasukan Angkatan Khas Presiden Barack Obama mengumumkan beliau akan
menghantar ke Iraq pada hari Khamis, John Kirby, akhbar setiausaha Pentagon,
berkata dalam satu kenyataan.
"Ramai
daripada anda telah ditanya hari ini mengenai status perlindungan undang-undang
untuk bilangan kecil penasihat tentera yang akan bekerja di dalam Iraq,"
kata Kirby.
"Saya
boleh mengesahkan untuk anda bahawa Iraq telah menyediakan jaminan yang boleh
diterima mengenai isu perlindungan untuk anggota tersebut melalui pertukaran
nota diplomatik. Secara khusus, Iraq telah sepakat untuk menyediakan
perlindungan bagi kakitangan kami setara dengan yang diberikan kepada
kakitangan yang berada dalam negara sebelum krisis.
Kami
percaya ini adalah perlindungan yg mencukupi kpd penilaian jangka pendek
dan misi nasihat tentera kita akan membuat persembahan di Iraq. Dengan
perjanjian ini, kita akan dapat untuk memulakan mewujudkan pasukan pertama
penilaian beberapa."
Perjanjian
itu yang datang melalui "nota diplomatik," akan melihat penasihat Amerika
Syarikat tertakluk kepada Kod Seragam Keadilan Tentera, dan bukan undang-undang
Iraq.
Isu
tentera imuniti Amerika Syarikat tlh lama menjadi titik lekatan antara
Washington dan Baghdad. Obama akhirnya memutuskan utk menarik balik semua
tentera Amerika Syarikat dan pengajar dari Iraq pada bulan Oktober 2011,
selepas pihak berkuasa Iraq enggan menandatangani sehingga Status perjanjian
baru Angkatan tentera Amerika memberikan kekebalan daripada pendakwaan
tempatan.
IRAQ
Grants US Special Forces 'Acceptable
ASSURANCES' on IMMUNITY . . .
Washington
has secured “acceptable assurances” from Iraqi authorities shielding US Special
Forces from local law. The deal comes as US forces are set to begin advising
the embattled Iraqi army as Sunni militants continue their surge across the
country.
The
Defense Department has yet to receive in writing immunity agreements for the
troops, but "Iraq has provided acceptable assurances" for the 300
Special Forces troops President Barack Obama announced he would send to Iraq on
Thursday, John Kirby, the Pentagon press secretary, said in a statement.
“Many
of you have asked today about the status of legal protections for the small
number of military advisors that will be working inside Iraq,” Kirby said.
“I
can confirm for you that Iraq has provided acceptable assurances on the issue
of protections for these personnel via the exchange of diplomatic note.
Specifically, Iraq has committed itself to providing protections for our
personnel equivalent to those provided to personnel who were in country before
the crisis.
We
believe these protections are adequate to the short-term assessment and
advisory mission our troops will be performing in Iraq. With this agreement, we
will be able to start establishing the first few assessment teams."
The
agreement, which came via “diplomatic note,” will see US advisors subject to
the Uniform Code of Military Justice, and not Iraqi law.
The
issue of US troop immunity has long been a sticking point between Washington
and Baghdad. Obama ultimately decided to withdraw all US troops and trainers
from Iraq in October 2011, after Iraqi authorities refused to sign up to a new
Status of Forces agreement granting American forces immunity from local
prosecution.
Iraqi Kurdish forces take
position near Taza Khormato as they fight jihadist militants from the Islamic
State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) positioned five kilometers away in Bashir,
20 kms south of Kirkuk, on June 23, 2014 (AFP Photo/Karim Sanib)
Tentera
Amerika Syarikat & Setiausaha Pertahanan Chuck Hagel tlh sejak menentang menghantar
apa-apa operasi pasukan khas ke Iraq melainkan jika suatu perjanjian bertulis
telah diperolehi daripada Baghdad menjamin mereka tidak akan didakwa di bawah
undang-undang Iraq.
Tetapi
jurucakap White House Josh Earnest jaminan pemberita, "Panglima ketua
tidak akan membuat keputusan untuk meletakkan lelaki dan wanita kita dengan
cara bahaya tanpa mendapat beberapa jaminan yang diperlukan."
Tiada
seorang pun daripada tentera Angkatan Khas telah tiba di Baghdad lagi, dengan
pegawai-pegawai Pentagon berkata mereka akan menyentuh tanah pada akhir minggu
ini.
Pentagon
berharap jurulatih Amerika Syarikat akan dpt untuk memberikan penilaian yang
lebih baik risikan radikal dari Negeri Islam di Iraq dan Levant (ISIS, atau
ISIL), termasuk jenis dan kuantiti buatan Amerika Syarikat persenjataan yang
mereka telah dirampas dari Iraq tentera.
Pegawai
pertahanan telah menegaskan, bagaimanapun, bahawa tidak ada rancangan untuk
mereka melibatkan diri secara langsung dalam pertempuran.
"Mereka
tidak mempunyai peranan yang menyakitkan hati. Mereka dengan tegas di sana
sebagai penasihat. Jadi mereka tidak patut, sebagai satu perkara rutin, datang
ke dalam hubungan secara langsung dengan musuh, "kata jurucakap Pentagon
Kolonel Tentera Steve Warren, Isnin.
PILIHAN YG SUKAR di HADAPAN
Serangan
berterusan oleh ISIS yang sedang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mencapai jumlah
penguasaan di Iraq oleh militan Sunni radikal. Pada 22 Jun, Golongan ini
ditangkap tiga bandar-bandar baru dan dua lintasan sempadan, satu dengan Jordan
dan satu dengan Syria.
Pada
hari Isnin, Earnest menyuarakan kebimbangan White House mengenai keadaan
keselamatan di tengah-tengah ISIS serangan yang berjaya.
Beliau
menegaskan, bagaimanapun, bahawa ini adalah "masalah itu akan diselesaikan
secara politik, dan ia akan memerlukan beberapa pilihan yang sangat sukar untuk
dibuat oleh pemimpin-pemimpin politik Iraq."
Dalam
usaha untuk memulakan bahawa penyelesaian politik, Setiausaha Negara Amerika
Syarikat John Kerry membuat persinggahan kejutan di Baghdad pada hari Isnin.
Kerry bercakap panjang lebar dengan Perdana Menteri Iraq Nouri al-Maliki,
Menteri Luar Iraq dan juga pemimpin Syiah dan Sunni.
The
US military and Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel have since opposed sending any
special operations teams to Iraq unless a written agreement was secured from
Baghdad guaranteeing they would not be prosecuted under Iraqi law.
But
White House spokesman Josh Earnest assured reporters, "The commander in
chief would not make a decision to put our men and women in harm's way without
getting some necessary assurances."
None
of the Special Forces troops have arrived in Baghdad yet, with Pentagon
officials saying they would touch ground by the end of the week. The Pentagon
hopes the US trainers will be able to provide a better intelligence assessment
of radicals from the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIS, or ISIL),
including the type and quantity of US-made armaments which they had seized from
the Iraqi military.
Defense
officials have stressed, however, that there are no plans for them to directly
engage in combat.
“They
don’t have an offensive role. They’re strictly there as advisers. So they
should not, as a matter of routine, come into direct contact with the enemy,”
Pentagon spokesman Army Col. Steve Warren said on Monday.
TOUGH
CHOICES AHEAD
The
ongoing offensive by the ISIS is being done with the aim of achieving total
dominance in Iraq by radical Sunni militants. On June 22, jihadists captured
three new towns and two border crossings, one with Jordan and one with Syria.
On
Monday, Earnest expressed the White House’s concerns regarding the security
situation amid the successful ISIS offensive.
He
stressed, however, that this was a “problem that’s going to be solved
politically, and it’s going to require some very difficult choices to be made
by Iraq’s political leaders.”
In
an effort to kick start that political solution, US Secretary of State John
Kerry made a surprise stopover in Baghdad on Monday. Kerry spoke at length with
Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki, Iraq's foreign minister as well as Shiite
and Sunni leaders.
Setiausaha Negara Amerika
Syarikat John Kerry (L) tiba di Arbil, ibu kota wilayah autonomi Kurdistan Iraq
utara ini, 24 Jun 2014 (U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry (L) arrives in
Arbil, the capital of northern Iraq's Kurdistan autonomous region, June 24,
2014 (Reuters/Brendan Smialowski/Pool)
Dalam
kemenangan diplomatik yang berasingan bagi pentadbiran Obama, Kerry mengumumkan
bahawa Perdana Menteri Iraq Nouri al-Maliki telah bersetuju untuk memulakan
proses membentuk kerajaan kebangsaan yang baru pada 1 Julai.
"Yang
penting hari ini adalah untuk mendapatkan dari setiap satu daripada kejelasan
pemimpin kerajaan berkenaan dgn jalan ke hadapan dari segi pembentukan
kerajaan," kata Kerry.
Adalah
dipercayai Rumah Putih akan menyokong pemimpin baru dalam tempoh Syiah Maliki,
yang telah diberi milik Sunni dan Kurdish dgn mencucikannya ahli sederhana
pembangkang dari kerajaannya.
"Apabila
semua rakyat Iraq boleh membentuk masa depan Iraq, apabila kebimbangan yang sah
dan aspirasi semua masyarakat Iraq - Sunni, Syiah, Kurdis - semua dihormati,
iaitu apabila Iraq adalah kuat," kata Kerry.
"Dan
ini adalah apabila Iraq akan menjadi yang paling selamat," katanya.
Pada
hari Selasa, Kerry mengadakan perbincangan krisis tambahan dengan
pemimpin-pemimpin wilayah autonomi Kurdish Iraq dalam usaha untuk mendapatkan
mereka untuk menyokong Baghdad terhadap pemberontak Sunni.
"Kami
menghadapi realiti baru dan Iraq baru," Reuters memetik Presiden Kurdish
Massoud Barzani sebagai berkata pada permulaan pertemuannya dgn Kerry.
Barzani dipersalahkan "dasar-dasar yg salah" Maliki kerana
pertumpahan darah & menggesa beliau meletak, berkata ia "sangat
sukar" untuk membayangkan Iraq tinggal bersama-sama.
Iraq
Kurdis telah menarik diri dalam keamanan relatif sejak pencerobohan Amerika
Syarikat yang menggulingkan Saddam Hussein pada tahun 2003. Setelah lama
mencari negeri mereka sendiri bebas, mereka tlh menggunakan keganasan
baru-baru ini untuk mengembangkan wilayah mereka sendiri, mengambil kawalan
deposit minyak yg kaya.
Sementara
itu, lebih daripada 1,000 orang terbunuh di Iraq di antara 5 dan 22 Jun, PBB
pasukan hak asasi manusia di Iraq berkata. Pasukan PBB berkata
sekurang-kurangnya 757 orang awam telah terbunuh dan 599 cedera dalam Niniwe,
Diyala dan Salah al-Din wilayah dalam tempoh itu. Satu lagi 318 orang terbunuh
dan 590 cedera dalam masa yang sama di Baghdad dan kawasan-kawasan di selatan
Iraq.
Jurucakap
Rupert Colville kepada pemberita onTuesday di Geneva bahawa angka itu
"perlu dilihat sangat sebagai minimum.''
BACA LANJUT: Kerry: US 'tidak
bertanggungjawab' untuk krisis di Iraq, Libya (Kerry: US
‘not responsible’ for crisis in Iraq, Libya)
In
a separate diplomatic victory for the Obama administration, Kerry announced
that Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki had agreed to begin the process of
forming a new national government by July 1.
"The
key today was to get from each of the government leaders clarity with respect
to the road forward in terms of government formation," Kerry said.
It
is believed the White House would favor a new leader over the Shiite Maliki,
who has alienated Sunnis and Kurds by purging moderate members of the
opposition from his government.
“When
all of Iraq’s people can shape Iraq’s future, when the legitimate concerns and
aspirations of all of Iraq’s communities - Sunni, Shiite, Kurd - are all
respected, that is when Iraq is strongest,” Kerry said.
“And
that is when Iraq will be the most secure,” he added.
On
Tuesday, Kerry held additional crisis talks with leaders of Iraq's autonomous
Kurdish region in a bid to get them to support Baghdad against Sunni insurgents.
“We
are facing a new reality and a new Iraq," Reuters cites Kurdish President
Massoud Barzani as saying at the start of his meeting with Kerry. Barzani
blamed Maliki’s “wrong policies” for the bloodshed and called on him to step
down, saying it was "very difficult" to imagine Iraq staying
together.
Iraqi
Kurds have ruled themselves in relative peace since the US invasion that
toppled Saddam Hussein in 2003. Having long sought their own independent state,
they have used the recent violence to expand their own territory, taking
control of rich oil deposits.
Meanwhile,
more than 1,000 people were killed in Iraq between June 5 and 22, the UN human
rights team in Iraq said. The UN team said at least 757 civilians had been
killed and 599 injured in Nineveh, Diyala and Salah al-Din provinces during
that period. Another 318 people were killed and 590 injured during the same
time in Baghdad and areas in southern Iraq.
Spokesman
Rupert Colville told reporters onTuesday in Geneva that the figure “should be
viewed very much as a minimum.''
Read
More: Kerry: Kerry: US
‘not responsible’ for crisis in Iraq, Libya
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MORE: http://on.rt.com/w617zx
